DEMONETIZATION THAT
BURDENS THE PEOPLE.
Narendra Modi’s decision to demonetize Rs.500 and Rs 1000 currency
notes came as a bolt from the blue for common man. It disrupted their
life as 84 per cent of the total value of currency in circulation was
withdrawn. Daily wage-earners lost their income standing in queues;
they cut down on milk and vegetables; the cardless poor are turned
out from hospitals; petty job works stopped for want of cash; small
businesses and trade disrupted.
The impact on rural India is devastating. The demonetization move
came in the middle of hectic agrarian activity – that too after two
consecutive years of drought – with farmers either wrapping up
kharif harvests or sowing rabi crops. Rural India left cashless as 90
per cent villages are unbanked. The peasants are left with no option
than go to usurious money lenders. The government after much
dithering raised the withdrawal limit for farmers to Rs.25,000,
allowed 16-day grace period to pay crop insurance premium and to use
old currency noted to buy seeds. But these measures are too little
too late to alleviate the rural distress.
The NDA government claimed that the demonetization is aimed at
curbing black money, fake notes, corruption and finances to
terrorists. Demonetization will have little effect on the black
economy is a well- known fact. It is obvious that most of the illegal
wealth is not held in the form of currency notes. It will not exceed
5 per cent of the currency, which already found ingenuous means turn
into white.
Black money is generated mainly and mainly out of three major types
of transactions (i) commodity trading which includes high sea sales –
the domestic and international norms to check quality of material and
adequacy of pricing is almost impossible to arrest the leakage. These
transactions are highly prone to “over-invoicing “ and
“under-invoicing “ , especially considering counterfeit
documents, shell company shipments, easy financial structured
available ; (ii) Non-authentication of Capital deployment – this
ensures hiking capital cost of heavy equipment and projects where
capital can be flown to a contractor abroad conveniently ; (iii) tax
evasion – hushing up financial transactions and evading excise,
sales and income tax is another major source of black money. And,
none of these can be controlled by “demonetisation “.
In the run up 2014 Lok Sabha elections, Modi had repeatedly claimed
that if elected his government would bring back black money from
abroad to distribute a sum of Rs. 15 lakh to each and every poor
Indian family. Without taking any measure to seal off these loopholes
in the system that generates black money, the talk about curbing
black money will be nothing more than theatrics. Definitely
NarendraModi aims to gain political mileage in the coming assembly
elections.
As the costs imposed on the economy becoming evident and as the
people are becoming restive with the inability of the government to
provide them with cash which they legitimately own, The propaganda
machinery of the government, BJP and RSS swung into action
propagating that there will be more benefits, some immediate and some
in long term, than the difficulties now faced by the people. They
claim that Indian economy will soon turn into cashless economy are
singing the virtues of such an economy how it could uplift the people
from poverty. Another benefit they claim is that as the banks flooded
with deposits, they lend more and cut the interests rates that gives
an impetus to the economy improving employment.
It’s a only a ploy to dupe the gullible people that India would
turn into cashless economy. Nearly 90 per cent of villages have no
banks and more than 80 per cent of the people depend upon the cash
transactions for their daily life. The talk of a government which
cannot even foresee the need for recalibration of ATMs to disburse
new currency notes, is at the most laughable.
The money deposited with the banks will soon be withdrawn. But even
10 per cent of them to stay with banks, there will be more liquidity
and the banks cut their lending rates, which in turn boosts the
economy, claims the supporters of the government. As this propaganda
is going on, the Reserve Bank of India on November 26 ordered the
banks to park all the deposits they got in the period from September
16 to November 11 with RBI at zero rate of return. This means that
the Banks liquidity positions continues to remain precarious. RBI
will use to stabilize the foreign exchange market as the foreign
portfolio investments started to flow out of the country. The outgo
of FPI rose from Rs.4004 crore in 2015-16 to Rs.12,842crore up to
November 26 this fiscal year. The remaining will be invested in
Government securities, which means that the people’s money is being
diverted to cover the budgetary deficit.Knowing well that deposits
made by the people in need of exchange for new currency notes would
be appropriated through bureaucratic methods, the propaganda
machinery is creating false illusions among the middle classes about
the declining lending rates and real estate prices.
In contrast, the Modi government assured those who looted the economy
that they need not lose their sleep over their ill-gotten wealth.
Before the demonetization, it gave an opportunity to them through
Income Disclosure Scheme, which asks no questions if 50 per cent of
the disclosed income paid as tax. The government got declarations
from 64,275 individuals worth Rs 65,250 crore from the scheme.
According to IT act, they should have been paid full tax, penalty as
45 per cent surcharge. The declarants were provided with immunity
from the law.
Last year, the government had come out with a similar scheme for
those holding undisclosed assets abroad. Under this scheme,
disclosures were charged with total tax and 60 per cent penalty. This
scheme yielded Rs 2,428crore from disclosures of Rs 4,147 crore.
Now after the demonetization the government came out with another
disclosure scheme albeit in the name of amendments to IT Act. The
latest disclosure scheme –Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana- will
allow those depositing money in banned currency notes to enjoy
immunity from taxation laws by paying a 50 per cent income tax,
comprising 30 per cent income tax, 10 per cent surcharge and 10 per
cent penalty, on the undisclosed income. The declarants will have to
deposit a fourth of the undisclosed income for four years without
interests. These funds will be utilized by the government for poverty
alleviation programmes.
A perfect cocktail for money laundering in the name of poor. While
allowing those who illegally looted the economy were allowed to go
scot free, Modi’s Demonetization is not allowing the people to
withdraw their legitimate hard earned money from the banks.
What does it mean? By hook or crook earn black money flouting the
laws of land; disclose some of it as you like without any strings;
live peacefully to earn more black money until another ‘amnesty’
scheme is announced. This assurance is legalized by amending the IT
Act. This may appear strange to a novice, but to those who were
veteran observers of Indian polity it reveals that the government of
any colour will stand to serve the interests of exploiting class-
that is, big bourgeoisie and landlord class in India.
The declared objectives of curbing black money, fake notes and
corruption, along with false propaganda about the notional benefits
that will be accrued by the economy are only a disguise to conceal
from the people the real intentions – covering up its failure in
economic front, bail out of banking system that is facing liquidity
crisis, and obtaining political mileage. It is yet another measures
to lay the burden of crisis on the backs of people and saving the
real culprits – big bourgeoisie, big business, money-launderers
etc.
